So today is April 9, the anniversary of Robert E. Lee’s surrender to Ulysses Grant at Appomattox and the end of the Civil War. Yay! and whatnot.
Of course we Derm-ites know better. We know that the last major Confederate surrender took place at James Bennett’s place, on the Hillsboro Road in Orange County. (And several minor ones took place after that.) This happened, eventually, on April 26, 1865, two weeks after Lee’s abdication. But the Appomattox surrender is universally recognized as the end of the war. As usual, "poor Carolina" gets no respect.
There are good reasons for this: the Army of Northern Virginia was the Confederacy’s premier army and Lee it’s premier general. The surrender itself has all the narrative checkpoints—pride, honor, grief—that can be wrapped into an easily retold one-day package that lends itself to Lost Cause memorialization. And it has Virginia behind it. Virginia is the self-proclaimed center of the Civil War universe.
That’s all fine, I guess. But I think the Bennett Place surrender is far more emblematic of the end of the Civil War. You see, it’s complicated. Johnston and Sherman had to meet more than once. Their officers didn’t sit around admiring each others' wartime valor—they nearly broke out in fistfights as they waited. The obtuse specter of (necessary) politics butted in. Lincoln’s assassination hung over the events. Even though they ended up adopting the Appomattox surrender terms, the entire affair ended in discomfort and uncertainty.
Everyone should know that the war did not end at Appomattox. In fact, it may be reasonably argued that the war solved nothing and the fighting—actual violence and killing—evolved and continued into the 1870s. By then it was primarily southern whites terrorizing and murdering southern blacks, and the politics were far more vicious than anything the 1850s had seen. It was still warfare. There is no comfortable end to the Civil War and the tidiness of Appomattox obscures that fact. Bennett Place is a better harbinger of the troubling years to come.
p.s.: Bennett Place at Endangered Durham
p.p.s. Looks like the N.C. Historic Sites webpages have been redesigned and updated. Finally.